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2.4: Adaptado de Bruce Alberts, “Essential Cell Biology” 1998 Routledge/Taylor & Francis; 2.5: Adaptado de R.J. Ellis, Macromolecular Crowding: Obvious but Underappreciated, Trends in Biochem Sci 26(10): 597-604 2001, Elsevier.; 2.8: Adaptado de Prescott, et al., Microbiology 4/e. Copyright 1999 by the McGraw-Hill Companies; 2.9a: Adaptado de David S. Goodsell, The Machinery of Life, 1998. Copyright © 1998 Spinger-Verlag. Reimpreso con autorización de Springer-Verlag Germany; 2.9b: Adaptado de David S. Goodsell, The Machinery of Life, 1998. Copyright © 1998 Springer-Verlag. Reimpreso con autorización de Springer-Verlag Germany; 2.12, imagen inicial: Adaptado de 4/e Pearson/Benjamin Cummings, Campbell & Reece, Biology, 7th ed. 2005. Fig 7.7, p. 127; 2.13: Cortesía de Audrey M. Glauert and G.M.W. Cook; 2.14: Adaptado de Becker, Kleinsmith & Hardin, World of the Cell, 4/e. 2000, Addison Wesley Longman. Reimpreso con autorización de Pearson Education, Inc.; 2.15: Adaptado de the World of the Cell, 4th ed by Wayne M. Becherk, Lewis J. Kleinsmith, and Jeff Hardin. Copyright © 2000 by Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Reimpreso con autorización de Pearson Education, Inc.; 2.16: Adaptado de Becker, Kleinsmith & Hardin, World of the Cell, 4/e. 2000 Addison Wesley Longman; 2.17: P. Schulz/Biology Media/Photo Researchers Inc; 2.18 (arriba): Adaptado de Don Fawcett/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 2.18 [abajo]: Adaptado de Becker, Kleinsmith & Hardin, World of the Cell, 4/e. 2000 Addison Wesley Longman; 2.19: Adaptado de Geoffrey Cooper “The Cell: A Molecular Approach” 1997 Sinauer; 2.20: Adaptado de M.M. Perry and A.B. Gilbert, J of Cell Science 39:257-272; 2.21: Adaptado de Thomas Zeuthen, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Vol. 26, No 2 pp. 77-79 copyright 2001 Elsevier; 2.22a: Adaptado de Annual Review of Biochemistry, Vol. 52, 1983.; 2.22b: International J Biochem Mol Biol 1(1): 69-89, 2010, H. Liu et al. Figure 2B, p. 70; 2.23: Becker et al, The World of the Cell, 2000 Addison Wesley Longman; 2.25a: W. Schuler/Photo Researchers Inc; 2.25b: © 2011 J.L. Carson/Custom Medical Stock Photo, All Rights Reserved; 2.25c: Dr. Peter Dawson/Science Photo Library/Photo Researches, Inc.; 2.26: Reimpreso con autorización de R. Lewis, Life, 3rd ed., 1998, McGraw-Hill.; 2.27: Donald E. Ingber, Cellular Tensegrity: Defining New Rules of Biological Design that Govern the Cytoskeleton J. Cell Science 104:613-627 1993 fig. 2, p. 615; 2.28: Adaptado de Becker, Kleinsmith & Hardin, World of the Cell, 4/e. 2000 Addison Wesley Longman; 2A: Adaptado de Geoffrey Cooper “The Cell: A Molecular Approach” 1997 Sinauer; 2B: Adaptado de Lehringer Principles of Biochemistry by David Nelson and Michael Cox. Copyright © 2000, 1993, 1982 by Worth Publishers permissonsdept@worthpublishers.com.
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imagen inicial : NASA; 3.1: Adaptado de Silverberg, Chemistry 2/e Copryight © The McGraw-Hill Companies; 3.8: Adaptado de R. Chang, Chemistry 7/e, McGraw-Hill; 3.11: Adaptado de Pearson/Benjamin Cummings, Campbell & Reece, Biology, 7th ed. 2005. Fig 6.27b, p. 117; 3A: Adaptado de Linda Huff, American Scientist, September-October 1997 Volume 85.
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imagen inicial : Image Source Balck/Alamay.
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