AAD | antibiotic-associated diarrhea | diarrea asociada con antibióticos |
AAV | adeno-associated virus | virus adenoasociados |
AC | adenylate cyclase | adenilato ciclasa |
ACT | artemisinin combination therapy | terapia con artemisinina combinada |
ADC | AIDS dementia complex | complejo de demencia por sida |
ADCC | Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity | citotoxicidad celular dependiente de anticuerpos |
αDG | cell surface receptor | receptor de la superficie celular |
ADPR | ADP-ribosylation | ribosilación de ADP |
AFB | acid-fast bacilli | bacilos acidorresistentes |
APC | antigen-presenting cells | presentadoras de antígeno profesionales |
ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome | síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda |
ARF | acute rheumatic fever | fiebre reumática aguda |
ART | combination antiretroviral therapy | terapia antirretroviral combinada |
ASO | antistreptolysin O | antiestreptolisina O |
ATLL | adult T-cell leukemia | linfoma de células T del adulto |
BA | altered target | blanco alterado |
BAD1 | glycoprotein adhesin | adhesina glucoproteína |
BAL | bronchoalveolar lavage | lavado broncoalveolar |
BCG | bacillus Calmette-Guérin | bacilo Calmette-Guérin |
BCYE | buffered charcoal yeast extract | extracto de levadura de carbón amortiguado |
BI | entry barrier | Barrera para el ingreso |
BKV | BK virus | virus BK |
BL | Burkitt lymphoma | linfoma de Burkitt |
BSE | bovine spongiform encephalopathy | encefalopatía espongiforme bovina |
BUN | blood urea nitrogen | nitrógeno ureico en sangre |
CA | capsid | cápside |
CARDS | Community Associated Respiratory Distress Syndrome | síndrome de insuficiencia respiratoria asociado con la comunidad |
CATT | card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | prueba de aglutinación en tarjeta para tripanosomiasis |
CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Centro de prevención de enfermedades |
CDI | Clostridium difficile infection | infección por Clostridium difficile |
CDT | C difficile transferase | transferasa de C. difficile |
CDT | cytolethal distending toxin | toxina distensora citoletal |
CF | cystic fibrosis | fibrosis quística |
CIE | counterimmuno-electrophoresis | contrainmunoelectroforesis |
5FC | 5-flucytosine | 5-flucitosina |
CJD | Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease | enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jacob |
Clf | clumping factor | factor de aglutinación |
CMI | cell mediated immunity | inmunidad mediada por células |
CMV | cytomegalovirus | citomegalovirus |
CNF | cytotoxic necrotizing factor | factor necrosante citotóxico |
CNS | central nervous system | sistema nervioso central |
CoNS | coagulase-negative staphylococci | estafilococos coagulasa-negativos |
CPAF | chlamydial preotease-like activity factor | factor de actividad tipo proteasa de Chlamydia |
CPE | cytopathic effect | efecto citopático |
CRE | carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae | Enterobacteriaceae resistentes a carbapenems |
CSF | cerebrospinal fluid | líquido cefalorraquídeo |
CT | cholera toxin | toxina del cólera |
CTL | cytotoxic T lymphocytes | linfocitos T citotóxicos |
DEC | diethylcarbamazine | dietilcarbamazina |
DFA | direct fluorescent antibody | anticuerpos fluorescentes directos |
DFA | direct immunofluorescent antibody | anticuerpos inmunofluorescentes directos |
DFMO | ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor, eflornithine | inhibidor de la ornitina descarboxilasa, eflornitina |
DGI | disseminated gonococcal infection | infección gonocócica diseminada |
DHHS | Department of Health and Human Services | Department of Health and Human Services |
DHPG | ganciclovir | ganciclovir |
DHT | delayed-type hypersensitivity | hipersensibilidad de tipo tardío |
DI | defective interfering | defectuosas interferentes |
DIC | disseminated intravascular coagulation | coagulación intravascular diseminada |
DR | Direct repeats | repeticiones directas |
dsRNA | double-stranded RNA | RNA de doble cadena |
DSS | dengue shock syndrome | síndrome de choque por dengue |
DT | diphtheria toxin | toxina diftérica |
DTH | delayed-type hypersensitivity | hipersensibilidad retardada |
DtxR | repressor protein | proteína represora |
EAEC | enteroaggregative | enteroagregativa |
EB | elementary body | cuerpo elemental |
EBV | Epstein-Barr virus | virus de Epstein-Barr |
ECM | extracellular matrix | matriz extracelular |
EEV | extracellular enveloped virions | viriones con envoltura extracelulares |
EF | edema factor | factor de edema |
EGF | endothelial growth factor | factor de crecimiento endotelial |
EHEC | enterohemorrhagic | enterohemorrágica |
EIA | enzyme immunoassay | inmunoensayo enzimático |
EIEC | enteroinvasive | enteroinvasora |
ELISA | enzyme linked immunosorbent assay | ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas |
EM | electron microscopy | microscopio electrónico |
EPEC | enteropathogenic | enteropatógena |
ER | endoplasmic reticulum | retículo endoplásmico |
ERA | acute respiratory disease | enfermedades respiratorias agudas |
ERCP | endoscopic retrograde pancreatography cholangiopancreatography | colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica |
ESBL | extended spectrum β-lactamases | β-lactamasas de espectro extendido |
ET | enterically transmitted | vía entérica |
ETEC | enterotoxigenic | enterotoxigénica |
ExoA | exotoxin A | exotoxina A |
ExoS | exoenzyme S | exoenzima S |
Fab | antigen binding sites | sitios de enlace de antígenos |
FDA | Food and Drug Administration | Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos |
FHA | filamentous hemagglutinin | hemaglutinina filamentosa |
FITC | fluorescein isothiocyanate | isotiocianato de fluoresceína |
FnBP | fibronectin-binding proteins | proteínas fijadoras de fibronectina |
GABA | γ-aminobutyric acid | ácido γ-aminobutírico |
GAD | glutamic acid decarboxylase | decarboxilasa del ácido glutámico |
GAE | Granulomatous amebic encephalitis | encefalitis amebiana granulomatosa |
GALT | gut-associated lymphoid tissue | tejido linfoide asociado con el intestino |
GBS | group B streptococci | estreptococos del grupo B |
GP | glycoprotein | glucoproteína |
GSP | general secretory pathway | vía secretoria general |
GSS | Gerstmann-Straüssler-Scheinker (GSS) disease | enfermedad de Gerstmann-Straüssler-Scheinker |
GXM | glucuronoxylomannan and glucuronoxylomanno-galactan | glucuronoxilomanano y glucuronoxilomanogalactano |
H&E | hematoxylin and eosin | hematoxilina y eosina |
H1N1 | human influenza virus | virus de influenza humana |
H5N1 | avian influenza virus | virus de la influenza aviar |
HA o H | hemagglutinin | hemaglutinina |
HAART | highly active antiretroviral therapy | terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad |
HAD | HIV-associated dementia | demencia asociada con HIV |
HAV | hepatitis A virus | virus de la hepatitis A |
HBIG | hepatitis B immune globulin | inmunoglobulina contra la hepatitis B |
HBsAg | hepatitis B surface antigen | antígeno de superficie de virus de la hepatitis B |
HBV | hepatitis B viruses | virus de hepatitis B |
HCC | hepatocellular carcinoma | carcinoma hepatocelular |
HCV | hepatitis C viruses | virus de hepatitis C |
HDV | hepatitis D virus | virus de hepatitis D |
HEV | hepatitis E virus | virus de la hepatitis E |
HFMD | handfoot-and-mouth disease | enfermedad de manos, pies y boca |
HFR | high-frequency recombination | alta frecuencia de recombinación |
HGA | human granulocytic anaplasmosis | anaplasmosis granulocítica humana |
HGV | hepatitis G virus | virus de la hepatitis G |
HHV | human herpesviruses | herpesvirus humanos |
HI | hemadsorption inhibition | inhibición de la hemadsorción |
HIV | human immunodeficiency virus | virus de inmunodeficiencia humana |
HLA | human leukocyte antigen | antígeno leucocitario humano |
HME | human monocytic ehrlichiosis | ehrlichiosis monocítica humana |
hMPV | human metapneumovirus | metaneumovirus humano |
HPS | Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome | síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus |
HPV | human papillomavirus | virus del papiloma humano |
HSV | herpes simplex virus | virus de herpes simple |
HTIG | human tetanus immune globulin | inmunoglobulina tetánica humana |
HTLV | human T-cell leukemia virus | virus de la leucemia de linfocitos T |
HTLV-I | human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I | virus linfotrópico de células T humanas tipo I |
HUS | hemolytic uremic syndrome | síndrome hemolítico-urémico |
Hwp1 | hyphal wall protein | proteína de superficie de la pared de la hifa |
ICAM | intercellular adhesion molecule | molécula de adhesión intercelular |
ICAM-1 | intercellular adhesion molecule 1 | molécula de adhesión intercelular 1 |
ICTV | International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses | Comité Internacional de Taxonomía de los Virus |
ID | Infectious Diseases | enfermedades infecciosas |
IE | enzymatic inactivation | inactivación enzimática |
IEM | immunoelectron microscopy | inmunomicroscopia electrónica |
IFA | indirect fluorescent antibody | anticuerpos fluorescentes indirectos |
IFN | Interferons | interferones |
IFN-δ | interferon gamma | interferón gamma |
IgA | Immunoglobulin A | inmunoglobulina A |
IgG | Immunoglobulin G | inmunoglobulinas G |
IGIV | intravenous immune globulin | inmunoglobulina intravenosa |
IgM | Immunoglobulin M | inmunoglobulina M |
IL | interleukins | interleucinas |
IM | infectious mononucleosis | mononucleosis infecciosa |
IMV | intracellular mature virions | viriones maduros intracelulares |
IN | integrase | integrasa |
IPV | Inactivated or killed polio vaccine | vacuna antipoliomielítica desactivada o muerta |
IR | inverted repeats | repeticiones invertidas |
IRES | internal ribosomal entry site | sitio de entrada ribosómico interno |
IRIS | immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome | síndrome inflamatorio de reconstitución inmune |
IS | Insertion sequence | secuencia de inserción |
ISG | Immune serum globulin | inmunoglobulina sérica |
ISVP | intermediate infectious subviral particle | partícula subviral infecciosa intermedia |
JCV | JC virus | virus JC (John Cunningham) |
KDO | keto-deoxycholate | cetodesoxicolato |
KHF | Korean hemorrhagic fever | fiebre hemorrágica coreana |
KIV | Karolinska Institute virus | virus del Karolinska Institute |
KOH | potassium hydroxide | hidróxido de potasio |
KPC | Klebsialla pneumoniae carbapenemase | carbapenemasa de Klebsiella pneumoniae |
KS | Kaposi sarcoma | sarcoma de Kaposi |
KSHV | Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus | herpesvirus asociado con sarcoma de Kaposi |
LAIV | Live attenuated influenza vaccine | vacuna viva atenuada contra la influenza |
LAM | lipoarabinomannan | lipoarabinomanano |
LAT | latency-associated transcript | transcrito asociado con latencia |
LCL | lymphoblastoid cell lines | células linfoblastoides inmortales |
LCMV | lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus | virus de la coriomeningitis linfocítica |
LCR | plasma and cerebrospinal fluid | líquido cefalorraquídeo |
LCV | Legionella-containing vacuole | vacuola que contiene Legionella |
LDLR | low-density lipoprotein | lipoproteína de baja densidad |
LEEP | loop electrosurgical excision procedure | procedimiento de escisión electroquirúrgica de asa |
LF | lethal factor | factor letal |
LGV | lymphogranuloma venereum | linfogranuloma venéreo |
LLO | listeriolysin O | listeriolisina O |
LOS | lipooligosaccharide | lipooligosacárido |
LPS | lipopolysaccharides | lipopolisacáridos |
LT | labile enterotoxin | enterotoxina termolábil |
LT | labile toxin | toxinas lábiles |
LTA | lipoteichoic acid | ácido lipoteicoico |
LTR | long terminal repeats | repeticiones terminales largas |
LVP | lipoviroparticle | lipoviropartícula |
MA | membrane-associated | asociada a membrana |
MAC | membrane-attack complex | membrana de ataque complejo |
MAC | Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare | Mycobacterium avium intracelular |
MALT | gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue | tejido linfoide asociado con la mucosa |
MAVS | mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein | proteína señalizadora antiviral mitocondrial |
MBC | minimal bactericidal concentration | concentración bactericida mínima |
MBP | myelin basic protein | proteína básica de la mielina |
MCC | Merkel cell carcinoma | carcinoma de células de Merkel |
MCD | multicentric Castleman disease | enfermedad de Castleman multicéntrica |
MCV | Merkel cell polyomavirus | poliomavirus de células de Merkel |
MCV4 | meningococcal conjugate vaccine quadravalent | vacuna antimeningocócica cuadravalente conjugada |
MDR-TB | multidrug-resistant tuberculosis | tuberculosis resistentes a múltiples medicamentos |
ME | outer membranes | membranas citoplásmica y externa |
MEB | scanning electron micrograph | micrografía electrónica de barrido |
Mel B | melarsoprol | melarsoprol |
MERS | middle east respiratory syndrome | síndrome respiratorio del Oriente Medio |
MHC | major histocompatibility complex | complejo principal (o mayor) de histocompatibilidad |
MIC | minimal inhibitory concentration | concentración inhibitoria mínima |
MMR | single or combination vaccine | vacuna simple o en combinación |
MMRV | measles, rubella, and varicella (chicken pox virus) vaccines | vacunas de sarampión, rubeola y varicela |
MOI | multiplicity of infection | multiplicidad de infección |
MOMP | major outer membrane protein | proteína de membrana externa mayor |
mRNA | messenger RNA | RNA mensajero |
MRSA | methicillin-resistant S aureus | S. aureus resistente a meticilina |
Msg | major surface glycoprotein | glucoproteína de superficie mayor |
MSSA | methicillin-susceptible S aureus | S. aureus susceptible a meticilina |
MTB | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
NA o N | neuraminidase | neuraminidasa |
NAA | Nucleic acid amplification | amplificación de ácidos nucleicos |
NAD | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide | dinucléotido de nicotinamida y adenina |
NAG | N-acetylglucosamine | N-acetilglucosamina |
NAM | N-acetylmuramic acid | ácido N-acetilmurámico |
NC | nucleocapsid | nucleocápside |
NCAM | neural cell adhesion molecule | molécula de adhesión de la célula neural |
NGU | nongonococcal urethritis | uretritis no gonocócica |
NK | natural killer | células asesinas naturales |
NNRTI | nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors | inhibidores de la transcriptasa inversa no nucleósidos |
NP | ribonucleoprotein | ribonucleoproteína |
NP | nucleocapsid protein | proteína de la nucleocápside |
NPC | nasopharyngeal carcinoma | carcinoma nasofaríngeo |
NRTI | nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors | inhibidores de la transcriptasa inversa análogos de nucleósido |
ODC | ornithine decarboxylase | ornitina descarboxilasa |
OMP | outer membrane proteins | proteínas de la membrana externa |
OMS | World Health Organization | Organización Mundial de la Salud |
ONPG | O-Nitrophenyl-a-D-galactoside | Descomposición de O-nitrofenil-β-D-galactósido |
OPV | oral polio vaccine | vacuna oral de la polio |
ORF | ecthyma contagiosum | ectima contagiosa |
PA | protective antigen | antígeno protector |
PABA | para-aminobenzoic acid | ácido para-aminobenzoico |
PAI | pathogenicity island | isla de patogenicidad |
PAIR | percutaneous aspiration, infusion of scolicide and reaspiration | aspiración percutánea, infusión de escolicida y reaspiración |
PAMP | pathogen-associated molecular patterns | patrones moleculares asociados con patógenos |
PBP | penicillin-binding proteins | proteínas de unión a la penicilina |
PCP | Pneumocystis pneumonia | neumonía por Pneumocystis |
PCR | polymerase chain reaction | cadena de la polimerasa |
PCV | pneumococcal conjugate vaccine | vacuna conjugada contra neumococo |
PEL | primary effusion lymphoma | linfoma de efusión primaria |
PGL-1 | phenolic glycolipid 1 | glucolípido fenólico |
PID | pelvic inflammatory disease | enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria |
PKR | protein kinase R | proteína cinasa R |
PMC | pseudomembranous colitis | colitis pseudomembranosa |
PML LMP | progressive multifocal encephalopathy | leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva |
PMN | polymorphonuclear neutrophil | neutrófilo polimorfonuclear |
PPD | purified protein derivative | derivado proteico purificado |
PPV | pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine | vacuna polisacárida neumocócica |
PR | protease | proteasa |
PRP | polyribitol phosphate | fosfato de polirribitol |
PrPc | normal prion protein | proteína de prion normal |
PrPsc | infectious prion protein | proteína de prion infecciosa |
PT | Pertussis toxin | toxina tosferínica |
PVL | Panton-Valentine leukocidin | leucocidina de Panton-Valentine |
PVR | poliovirus receptor | receptor de poliovirus |
QBC | quantitative buffy coat | capa leucocitaria cuantitativos |
RB | reticulate body | cuerpo reticulado |
RES | reticuloendothelial system | sistema reticuloendotelial |
RGD | arginine-glycine-arginine | arginina-glicina-ácido aspártico |
RIA | radioimmunoassay | radioinmunoensayo |
RIBA | recombinant immune immunoblot assay | valoración de inmunoelectrotransferencia recombinante |
RLR | rigI like receptors | receptores tipo gen |
RMSF | Rocky Mountain spotted fever | fiebre manchada de las Montañas Rocosas |
RPR | rapid plasma reagin | reagina plasmática rápida |
RRE | Rev-responsive element | elemento de respuesta a Rev |
RSV | respiratory syncytial virus | virus sincitial respiratorio |
RT | reverse transcriptase | transcriptasa inversa |
RT-PCR | reverse-transcriptase PCR | reacción en cadena de la polimerasa transcriptasa inversa |
SA | sialic acid | ácido siálico |
SAg | superantigens | superantígenos |
SARS | acute respiratory syndrome | síndrome respiratorio agudo grave |
SFG | spotted fever group | grupo de la fiebre manchada |
sida | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida |
sIgA | secretory IgA | IgA secretora |
SSKI | saturated solution of potassium iodide | solución saturada de yoduro de potasio |
SSPE | subacute sclerosing panencephalitis | panencefalitis esclerosante subaguda |
ST | stable toxin | toxinas termoestables |
StaphSAg | staphylococcal superantigen toxins | toxinas superantigénicas estafilocócicas |
STSS | streptococcal toxic shock syndrome | síndrome de choque tóxico por estreptococos |
Stx | Shiga toxin | toxina Shig |
SU | surface glycoprotein | glucoproteína de superficie |
SV40 | simian virus 40 | virus de simio 40 |
Tarp | translocated actin recruiting protein | proteína reclutadora de actina translocada |
TC | cholera toxin | toxinas del cólera |
TCBS | thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose | tiosulfato-citrato-bilis-sacarosa |
TCP | toxin-coregulated pilus | pelo corregulado por toxina |
TCR | T-cell receptor | receptor de célula T |
TCT | tracheal cytotoxin | citotoxina traqueal |
TD | diphtheria toxin | toxinas de la difteria |
TG | typhus group | grupo del tifus |
TLR | toll-like receptors | receptores tipo toll |
TM | transmembrane | transmembrana |
TMP-SMX | trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol |
TMV | tobacco mosaic virus | virus del mosaico del tabaco |
Tn | transposons | transposones |
TNF | tumor necrosis factor | factor de necrosis tumoral |
TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha | factor de necrosis tumoral alfa |
tRNA | transfer RNA | RNA de transferencia |
TSE | transmissible spongiform encephalopathies | encefalopatías “espongiformes” o espongiformes transmisibles |
TSP | tropical spastic paraparesis | paraparesia espástica tropical |
TSS | staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome | síndrome de choque tóxico por estafilococo |
UDP | nucleotide carrier | portador nucléotido |
UPEC | uropathogenic E coli | E. coli uropática |
URI | upper respiratory infection | vías respiratorias superiores |
USPSTF | United States Preventive Service Task Force | Fuerza de Tarea Preventiva de Estados Unidos |
UTI | urinary tract infection | infección del tracto urinario |
UV | ultraviolet | ultravioleta |
VacA | vacuolating cytotoxin | citotoxina vacuolante |
VAPP | vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis | enfermedad asociados con la vacuna |
VCA | viral capsidantigen | antígeno de la cápside viral |
VCP | complement control protein | proteína de control de complemento |
VDRL | Venereal Disease Research Laboratory | Venereal Disease Research Laboratory |
Vif | virion infectivity factor | factor de infectividad viral |
VLP | virus-like particles | partículas similares a virus |
VRE | vancomycin-resistant enterococci | enterococos resistentes a vancomicina |
VSG | variable surface glycoprotein | superficie altamente variable |
VSP | variable surface glycoprotein | proteínas de superficie variantes |
VZV | varicella-zoster virus | virus de varicela zóster |
WNV | West Nile virus | virus del Nilo Occidental |
WUV | Washington University virus | virus de la Washington University |
XDR-TB | extensively drug resistant | tuberculosis con resistencia extendida |
ZDV o AZT | zidovudine | zidovudina |